4/19/2023 0 Comments Malaco the last soul companyThese scale tones may replace the natural scale tones, or they may be added to the scale, as in the case of the minor blues scale, in which the flattened third replaces the natural third, the flattened seventh replaces the natural seventh and the flattened fifth is added between the natural fourth and natural fifth. These specialized notes are called the blue or bent notes. In melody, blues is distinguished by the use of the flattened third, fifth and seventh of the associated major scale. For convenience or by necessity it is often approximated by a minor seventh interval or a dominant seventh chord. At a 7:4 ratio, it is not close to any interval on the conventional Western diatonic scale. Blues seven chords add to the harmonic chord a note with a frequency in a 7:4 ratio to the fundamental note. The use of the harmonic seventh interval is characteristic of blues and is popularly called the "blues seven". Much of the time, some or all of these chords are played in the harmonic seventh (7th) form. The lyrics generally end on the last beat of the tenth bar or the first beat of the 11th bar, and the final two bars are given to the instrumentalist as a break the harmony of this two-bar break, the turnaround, can be extremely complex, sometimes consisting of single notes that defy analysis in terms of chords. The last chord is the dominant (V) turnaround, marking the transition to the beginning of the next progression. For instance, for a blues in the key of C, C is the tonic chord (I) and F is the subdominant (IV). They are labeled by Roman numbers referring to the degrees of the progression. The blues chords associated to a twelve-bar blues are typically a set of three different chords played over a 12-bar scheme. The basic 12-bar lyric framework of a blues composition is reflected by a standard harmonic progression of 12 bars in a 4/4 time signature. Idiosyncratic numbers of bars are also encountered occasionally, as with the 9-bar progression in " Sitting on Top of the World" by Walter Vinson. There are also 16-bar blues, as in Ray Charles's instrumental "Sweet 16 Bars" and in Herbie Hancock's " Watermelon Man". Other chord progressions, such as 8-bar forms, are still considered blues examples include " How Long Blues", " Trouble in Mind", and Big Bill Broonzy's " Key to the Highway". With the popularity of early performers, such as Bessie Smith, use of the twelve-bar blues spread across the music industry during the 1920s and 30s. During the first decades of the 20th century blues music was not clearly defined in terms of a particular chord progression. The blues form is a cyclic musical form in which a repeating progression of chords mirrors the call and response scheme commonly found in African and African-American music. In lyrics the phrase is often used to describe a depressed mood. Though the use of the phrase in African-American music may be older, it has been attested to since 1912, when Hart Wand's " Dallas Blues" became the first copyrighted blues composition. The term "the blues" refers to the "blue devils", meaning melancholy and sadness an early use of the term in this sense is found in George Colman's one-act farce Blue Devils (1798). In the 1960s and 1970s, a hybrid form called blues-rock evolved. World War II marked the transition from acoustic to electric blues and the progressive opening of blues music to a wider audience, especially white listeners. Best known are the Delta, Piedmont, Jump and Chicago blues styles. Blues can be subdivided into several subgenres ranging from country to urban blues that were more or less popular during different periods of the 20th century. The blues genre is based on the blues form but possesses other characteristics such as specific lyrics, bass lines and instruments. The blue notes that, for expressive purposes are sung or played flattened or gradually bent (minor 3rd to major 3rd) in relation to the pitch of the major scale, are also an important part of the sound. The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues, and rock and roll is characterized by specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues chord progression is the most common. Late 19th century, southern United Statesīlues is the name given to both a musical form and a music genre that originated in African-American communities of primarily the " Deep South" of the United States around the end of the 19th century from spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts and chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads. For other uses, see Blues (disambiguation).
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